This essay draws on the category of the «neo-modernist novel», developed by Tiziano Toracca with reference to the period 1954–1979, and applies it to two earlier works, Ennio Flaiano’s Tempo di uccidere (1947) and Lalla Romano’s Le metamorfosi (1951), to suggest that the modernist form was the one favoured in the immediate post-war years for addressing problematic areas of memory, history and society, such as the Italian colonial experience, the violence of war and labour, and racial ideology. A brief overview of the main modernist devices employed by the two works is followed by a reflection on how these are used to address the aforementioned issues.