The time limit (prothesmia) in the graphe paranomon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13130/1128-8221/4962Abstract
The graphe paranomon was a public case (dike demosia) introduced against illegal legislation in classical Athens. Although the procedure has attracted the attention of modern scholarship with regard to its function and significance in the Athenian legal system, the statutory limitation on the liability of the author of a decree (prothesmia) has been only marginally addressed by modern scholars. This paper discusses the question of the time limit on the liability of the author from the time of the formal introduction of his decree, and, after thorough examination and evaluation of the sources, it establishes the length of the time limit as one year. It also offers an explanation of the rationale behind the tight statutory limitation, compared with other known statutory time limits in Athenian law, and the implications for the purpose and function of the graphe paranomon in the Athenian legal system in general.
La graphe paranomon era un’azione pubblica (dike demosia) destinata a colpire le proposte illegali di legge ad Atene. Benché tale procedura abbia ampiamente attirato l’attenzione della dottrina riguardo alla sua funzione e al suo significato nell’ordinamento giuridico ateniese, la decadenza (prothesmia) dall’azione di responsabilità nei confronti dell’autore di un decreto è stata presa in considerazione solo marginalmente. Il presente articolo discute la questione del limite temporale entro il quale poteva essere fatta valere la responsabilità dell’autore di un decreto a partire dal momento della formale proposta di esso. Dopo un accurato esame delle fonti, si giunge al affermare che il limite era di un anno, e si propone anche una spiegazione del criterio che determinava un termine così breve, se comparato con altri termini di prescrizione nel diritto ateniese. Se ne illustrano infine le implicazioni riguardo allo scopo e alla funzione della graphe paranomon nel quadro dell’ordinamento giuridico ateniese nel suo complesso.
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