Il missile e la corda: modelli 'ingenui' nell'acustica degli antichi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13130/2465-0137/11056Abstract
L’interesse per i fenomeni sonori, musicali e non, porta il pensiero greco, fin dalle sue fasi più antiche, a costruire modelli che spieghino l’origine del suono, il suo propagarsi e le sue qualità. Tali modelli, dapprima impliciti nel sistema metaforico della lingua greca, poi espliciti nelle diverse elaborazioni teoriche dei pensatori e dei teorici musicali, rivelano più di un tratto di ‘ingenuità’ (nel senso della bozziana ‘fisica ingenua’) e sono sostanzialmente riconducibili ai due archetipi del missile (il suono come oggetto ‘lanciato’ verso un bersaglio a seguito di un impatto tra due corpi) e della corda (il suono come risultato di un movimento periodico che genera una successione di impatti). I due modelli coesistono lungo tutto lo sviluppo del pensiero greco, interagendo con le dottrine delle diverse scuole filosofiche.
Since the earliest stages of their civilisation, the Greeks show a keen interest in sound, both musical and non-musical. They tend to build mental models in order to explain where sound comes from, how it propagates and what gives it its qualities. Such models are at first implied in the metaphors of the Greek language, then are made explicit in the reflections carried out by scientist and music theorists. On the whole, they reveal some streaks of naïveté (in the sense of Paolo Bozzi’s ‘naïve physics’) and can be reduced to two different archetypes: the missile (whereby sound is an object targeted at a specific aim as a result of two bodies colliding with each other) and the string (whereby sound comes as a result of a series of a succession of impacts generated by a periodic movement). These two models coexist throughout the development of Greek thought and interact with the doctrines of the different philosophical schools.
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