Metal detector: support tool or antagonist of historical investigation? England and Italy compared in law
Elements of comparison concerning policies to protect traces of the past
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54103/milanlawreview/17390Keywords:
Excavations and findings, historical items, legislation on cultural goods, the private finderAbstract
Comparing UK and Italian law concerning cultural goods – in a set of peculiar circumstances such as the lockdown caused by the epidemic – shows that English legislation is more readable, more accessible than the Italian counterpart. Legislators should not underestimate the importance of clear and easily retrievable provisions. Prohibiting completely excavations or searches for historic items is unrealistic. It is preferable to establish clear conditions on how this can be done, prompting people to declare their findings by offering them a reward and the public recognition of the discovery. Italian legislation is under frequent revision, policies carried out by successive administrations are often adjusted and are both over abundant and over detailed. It is not easy to have a good grasp of them, sanctions for violations are difficult to execute, illegal commerce may be rewarding.
Downloads
References
AA.VV., (2015 ), Circolazione dei beni culturali mobili e tutela penale : un’analisi di diritto interno, comparato e internazionale, Milano, Giuffré
AAVV. (2020), Cura e tutela dei beni culturali, Esposito, Gianluca Maria, Fasolino, Francesco (cur.), Padova, Cedam (atti del Convegno sul tema “La cura del patrimonio culturale: radici storico-giuridiche e prospettive”, tenutosi presso l’Università degli studi di Salerno il 28 ottobre 2019) [ivi: Gianpiero Cirillo, La circolazione; Aversano Gabriele: La prelazione artistica]
Barbati Carla, Cammelli Marco, Casini Lorenzo, Piperata Giuseppe, Sciullo Girolamo (2017), Diritto del patrimonio culturale, Bologna, Il Mulino
Bauer, Alexander (2007), New Ways of Thinking About Cultural Property: A Critical Appraisal of the Antiquities Trade Debates, Fordham international law journal, 31, 3, p. 690 ss. (online nel sito https://www.researchgate.net)
Casini, Lorenzo (2011), Italian Hours, The globalization of cultural property law, International Journal of Constitutional Law, 9, 2, pp. 369–393, online: https://academic.oup.com/icon/article/9/2/369/649612
Ciampi, Annalisa (2014), La protezione del patrimonio culturale : strumenti internazionali e legislazione italiana, Torino, Giappichelli,
Crosetti, Alessandro, Vaiano, Diego (2011), Beni culturali e paesaggistici, Torino, Giappichelli
Eisen, Leah E. (1991 ),The Missing Piece: A Discussion of Theft, Statutes of Limitation and Title Disputes in the Art World, in «Journal of Criminal Law And Criminology», 81, pp. 1067-1101, pdf online: nel sito core.ac.uk
Ferreri, Silvia (1994), The Status of Cultural Property in Private International Law, From an Italian Point of View, in Italian National Reports to the XIV Int.l Congress of Comparative Law, Atene, 1994, Milano, 1994, pp. 133-176.
Frigo, Manlio (2007), La circolazione internazionale dei beni culturali. Diritto internazionale, diritto comunitario e diritto interno, Milano, Giuffrè.
Gill David, Chippendale Christopher (2007), From Malibu to Rome Reflections on Returning Antiquities, «INT'L J. Cultural Prop.», 14, pp. 205
Hauser-Schaeublin Brigitta, Prott, Lyndel V. (2016). Negotiating conditions of return. Cultural property and contested ownership: the trafficking of artefacts and the quest for restitution. (pp. 131-132) edited by Brigitta Hauser-Schaeublin and Lyndel V. Prott. New York NY, United States: Routledge.
Hauser-Schaeublin, Brigitta, Prott, Lyndel V. (2016). Plunder, trafficking and return. Cultural property and contested ownership: the trafficking of artefacts and the quest for restitution. (pp. 21-22) edited by Brigitta Hauser-Schaeublin and Lyndel V. Prott. New York NY, United States: Routledge.
Hellwege, Phillip (2016), Precluding the Statute of Limitations? How To Deal with Nazi Looted Art after Cornelius Gurlitt, «Southwestern Journal of International Law », 22, pp. 105-161 (pdf online nel sito: www.swlaw)
Jakubowski, Andrzej, Hausler, Kristin, Fiorentini, Francesca (eds.) (2019) Cultural Heritage in the European Union: A Critical Inquiry Into Law and Policy, Nijhoff, Leiden, Brill.
Lalive, Pierre (1988) La vente internationale d’œuvres d’art, Directeur scientifique, Colloque de Genève (11-13 aprile 1985), Parigi, ICC Publishing, n. 436.
Maccari, Anna Luisa, Piergigli, Valeria (2006), Il Codice dei beni culturali e del paesaggio tra teoria e prassi, Milano, Giuffré.
Magri, Geo (2015), Alcune considerazioni sul mercato del libro antico dopo la legge 6 agosto 2015, n. 125, in «Aedon, rivista di arti e diritto online», n. 3, online: http://www.aedon.mulino.it/archivio/2015/3/magri.htm
Magri, Geo (2011), La circolazione dei beni culturali nel diritto europeo. Limiti e obblighi di restituzione, Quaderni Dip. di Scienze Giuridiche Torino. ESI, Napoli
Mason, Christopher (2004), The Art of the Steal: Inside the Sotheby's-Christie's Auction House Scandal, Putnam Pub Group, New York, N.Y.
Melikian Assadullah, Souren (2011), Klimt Painting Sells for $40.4 Million, The New York Times (3 novembre 2011)
Merryman, J. H. (1986), Two Ways of Thinking about Cultural Property, «Am. J. Int'l L.», 80, p. 831 ss.
Merryman, John Henry (2009), Art Systems and Cultural Policy, «Stanford Public Law Working Paper» No. 1489612 39 (online)
O'Keefe, Patrick J., Prott, Lyndel V. (2011). Cultural heritage conventions and other instruments: A compendium with commentaries, Crickadarn, UK., Institute of Art and Law.
Prott, Lyndel V., O'Keefe Patrick (1984). Law and the Cultural Heritage, Vol. 1 , Discovery and Excavation. 1st ed., Abingdon, Professional Books.
Prott, Lyndel V., O'Keefe Patrick J. (1990), Law and the Cultural Heritage, Vol. 3, Movement, London, Butterworths.
Roodt, Christa (2002) Cultural heritage jurisprudence (and strategies for retention and recovery), in «The Comparative and International Law Journal of Southern Africa», 35, 2, pp. 157-181.
Sandulli, Maria Alessandra (2012), Codice dei Beni Culturali, Milano, Giuffrè.
Siehr, Kurt (2008), Legal Aspects of the Protection of Cultural Property, International Journal of Cultural Property, 15, 4 (intervento nel convegno Rogues, Robbers and Researchers: Robbery of Antiquities and Archaeology under the Present Legal Situation, Institute for Archaeological Studies of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University of Frankfurt am Main, May 5, 2007).
Siehr, K. (1997). The Protection of Cultural Heritage and International Commerce. «International Journal of Cultural Property», 6, 2, 304-326. doi:10.1017/S0940739197000362
Timo, Matteo (2017), La disciplina dei beni culturali. Tendenze attuali ed aspetti problematici. Pisa, Pacini.
Tyler, Barbara J. (1999), The Stolen Museum: Have United States Art Museums Become Inadvertent Fences for Stolen Art Works Looted by the Nazis in World War II?, in Rutgers Law Journal, 30, pp. 441-471
Urice, Stephen (2011), Elizabeth Taylor's Van Gogh: An Alternative Route to Restitution of Holocaust Art?, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1907282
Vaiano, Diego (2011), La valorizzazione dei beni culturali, Torino, Giappichelli.
Visconti, Arianna (2013), Manacorda Stefano (cur.), Beni culturali e sistema penale: atti del convegno Prevenzione e contrasto dei reati contro il patrimonio culturale (Milano, 2013), Milano, Vita e Pensiero.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Milan Law Review
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
