Enhanced Recovery After Surgery e assistenza infermieristica in urologia: utopia o futura pietra miliare? Una revisione della letteratura

Ilaria Milani; Rita Biscotti; Angelo Gentile; Filippo Ingrosso; Elisa Rimoldi; Paola Ripa

doi:10.54103/dn/19952

Autori

Ilaria Milani https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-9296
Rita Biscotti https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1115-9185
Angelo Gentile https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7184-6875
Filippo Ingrosso
Elisa Rimoldi
Paola Ripa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54103/dn/19952

Parole chiave:

infermiere, enhanced recovery after surgery, urology, urinary, ERAS

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) è un programma multidisciplinare volto a ridurre al minimo la risposta del corpo allo stress chirurgico, consente agli assistiti di ottenere outcome migliori, dimissioni precoci e sicure nonché la riduzione dei costi. Nonostante la presenza di numerose evidenze clinico-scientifiche in letteratura sull'utilità del programma ERAS nella chirurgia maggiore, l'implementazione di questo percorso multidisciplinare non ha ancora raggiunto consenso unanime nella chirurgia urologica.

OBIETTIVI: Obiettivo del presente lavoro è analizzare per ogni fase del processo chirurgico gli item ERAS messi in atto in chirurgia urologica, valutarne gli esiti e indagare le prospettive infermieristiche.

METODI: Dopo aver identificato l’ambito e il quesito di ricerca è stato formulato il PIO (Popolazione, Intervento, Esito). Nei mesi di agosto e settembre 2022 è stata condotta la ricerca bibliografica attraverso la consultazione delle principali banche dati biomediche: PubMed, Cinahl, Embase.

RISULTATI: Sono stati ritenuti validi 14 articoli per la stesura dell’elaborato. 1 con disegno qualitativo e 13 con disegno quantitativo. Sono state identificate diverse aree tematiche, idealmente suddivise nelle diverse fasi del processo operatorio.

CONCLUSIONI: I contributi analizzati in questo elaborato assumono un significato clinico importante, aggiungendosi al crescente numero di evidenze che supportano il valore di ERAS negli sforzi messi in atto per migliorare gli esiti clinici nella popolazione sottoposta a chirurgia urologica, con particolare riferimento ai pazienti sottoposti a cistectomia radicale, procedura altamente demolitiva.

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