Livelli di burden e rischio di depressione nel caregiver: uno studio osservazionale

Autori

  • Vito Muschitiello Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico Bari https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4592-6778
  • Sabina Borraccino Cure Domiciliari, Distretto Socio-Sanitario n. 5 – ASL BT
  • Nicolina Tanzi Distretto Socio-Sanitario Unico, ASL Bari
  • Claudia Teta Studentessa, Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro.
  • Noemi Chiumarulo Studentessa, Corso di Laurea in Scienze del Servizio Sociale, Università degli studi di Bari "Aldo Moro"
  • Carmela Marseglia Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica, Università degli studi di Bari "Aldo Moro"

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54103/dn/20926

Parole chiave:

burden del caregiver, malattia cronica, infermiere, infermieristica

Abstract

INTRODUZIONE:
negli ultimi anni ha preso sempre più piede la figura del caregiver nell’assistenza dei pazienti cronici a domicilio. Elevati livelli di burden nei caregivers possono avere conseguenze negative sulla qualità di vita oltre al potenziale rischio di sviluppare sintomi psichiatrici o patologie cardiovascolari.

OBIETTIVI:
valutare i livelli di burden nel caregiver e misurare il rischio di sviluppare depressione. 

MATERIALI E METODI:
studio trasversale condotto nel periodo di Dicembre 2022 in un campione di caregivers dell’ASL BT. Il questionario somministrato consisteva in una sezione con i dati sociodemografici e una sezione con la Zarit Burden Interview che indaga i livelli di burden nel caregiver.

RISULTATI:
hanno partecipato allo studio 92 caregivers (92%). Di questi 62 (67.4%) erano donne mentre il 55.4% conviveva con l’assistito. Livelli di burden moderato sono stati evidenziati nel 50% degli esaminati, in particolare, nelle donne (58.1%), nei caregivers di età compresa tra i 46 e 50 anni (86.6%) e nel 49% dei caregivers che vivono insieme al paziente. L’88.1% ha un rischio alto di sviluppare depressione principalmente le donne (RR: 1.55; p=.166) e i caregivers con età compresa tra i 61 e i 65 anni (RR=3.46; p=.286); il rischio di sviluppare depressione è stato significativamente osservato nei caregivers che convivono con l’assistito (RR=2.17; p=.045) contrariamente nei soggetti con meno di 45 anni (RR=0.14; p<.001).

CONCLUSIONI:
gli intervistati hanno presentato un burden moderato e un alto rischio di sviluppare depressione. Urge sperimentare interventi preventivi e curativi da parte dei professionisti sanitari e sociali a favore del caregiver.

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2024-01-31 — Aggiornato il 2024-02-01

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Muschitiello, V., Borraccino, S., Tanzi, N., Teta, C., Chiumarulo, N., & Marseglia, C. (2024). Livelli di burden e rischio di depressione nel caregiver: uno studio osservazionale. Dissertation Nursing, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.54103/dn/20926 (Original work published 31 gennaio 2024)

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Ricevuto 2023-09-04
Accettato 2023-10-10
Pubblicato 2024-02-01