Therapeutic adherence among adolescents with HIV. A literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54103/dn/22736Keywords:
HIV, Education, Intervention, therapeutic adherence, quality of life, AdolescentsAbstract
BACKGROUND: According to World Health Organization, in 2022 approximately 1.5 million people under the age of 15 are affected by HIV. The adolescent population has a higher risk of not effectively adhering to antiretroviral therapy.
AIM: To identify interventions to improve therapeutic adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in adolescents with HIV.
METHODS: A narrative literature review was conducted from March to July 2023. Primary studies with populations aged 13-17 years were included. Articles were obtained from PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, and CINAHL databases through specific query strings.
RESULTS: Ten articles were included, 4 of which were conducted in America and 6 in Africa. Interventions that improve therapeutic adherence were multidimensional and multidisciplinary. They were clustered into 6 macro-areas: knowledge enhancement, revelation of serological status, reduction of social stigma, personal support, improvement of pre-existing therapeutic adherence, utilization of resources and cultural background and habits. These interventions can be performed by nurses, physicians, psychologists and skilled workers. Facilitators to improve therapeutic adherence include ongoing social support, confidentiality protection and ART education.
CONLUSIONS: The most effective interventions concern enhancing HIV knowledge through health education, revealing sero-status according to the adolescent's understanding and maturity, and using technological tools that facilitate treatment adherence.
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References
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Copyright (c) 2024 Laura Bucci, Ernesto Evicelli, Alessia Sorrenti, Jesus Francisco Javier Leon Garcia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Accepted 2024-06-13
Published 2024-07-31
