Il coinvolgimento dei genitori nella presa in carico di pazienti pediatrici ospedalizzati: aggiornamento di una scoping review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54103/dn/28569Parole chiave:
coinvolgimento familiare, Covid-19, pazienti pediatrici, scoping review, strategieAbstract
Background. Il coinvolgimento familiare è cruciale nell’assistenza pediatrica, promuovendo la collaborazione tra genitori e team sanitario. Tuttavia, le modalità operative variano tra contesti e sono state ulteriormente complicate dal Covid-19, che ha limitato la presenza dei familiari.
Obiettivi. Aggiornare la revisione di famiglia, e colleghi (2020), esaminando lo stato dell'arte sul coinvolgimento familiare nelle cure pediatriche.
Metodi. È stato utilizzato il framework di Arksey e O’Malley. I dati sono stati raccolti da PubMed, CINAHL e PsycINFO, includendo studi in inglese e italiano condotti tra il 2020 e il 2024. Sono stati considerati studi sul coinvolgimento familiare in unità di terapia intensiva pediatrica, neonatale, reparti di medicina, chirurgia, oncologia pediatrica e cure palliative, analizzando solo il contesto di area critica, in linea con gli autori. La selezione degli studi ha seguito le linee guida PRISMA-Scr, e un’analisi narrativa ha riassunto definizioni, interventi e risultati.
Risultati. Il campione finale includeva 46 studi, di cui 30 inerenti all’area critica. La pandemia Covid-19 ha influenzato negativamente le dinamiche familiari e le relazioni con il personale sanitario, evidenziando l'importanza della tecnologia per favorire il coinvolgimento familiare.
Conclusioni. Il coinvolgimento familiare ha subito grossi cambiamenti a seguito del Covid-19: gli ospedali hanno dovuto adottare strategie alternative, come l’utilizzo della tecnologia, per garantire un’adeguata continuità assistenziale con le famiglie; l’uso della tecnologia non si è sempre dimostrato tuttavia favorevole al miglioramento dell’engagement familiare.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Aurora Manna, Matteo Danielis, Emanuela Guerra
Questo lavoro è fornito con la licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate 4.0 Internazionale.
Accettato 2025-05-09
Pubblicato 2025-07-31
